Distemper In Dogs: What Is It?

Distemper is one of the most common diseases among dogs in recent times. Although it cannot be transmitted to humans, it poses a high risk of infection for animals and a high mortality rate.

The dissemination of the measles pathogen is related to the abandonment of dogs in unhealthy environments. Overpopulation makes street-born puppies particularly vulnerable. And they can contract and transmit this disease with ease.

For this reason,  when you adopt a dog, it is essential that you give it pesticides and that you have it vaccinated. Strengthening her immune system is the most effective way to preserve her health.

What does distemper consist of in dogs?

Distemper is an infectious, viral and acute disease that affects the digestive and respiratory systems. In severe cases, it also affects neurons and the central nervous system.

This pathology is caused by a virus belonging to the Paramyxovirus family  ,  of the Morbillivirus genus  .

This microorganism is similar to the virus that causes measles in people. It has a remarkable stamina, manages to survive in hostile conditions and to encapsulate itself for a long time before resuming its activity.

Thanks to its resistance, it is universal and worries veterinarians on all continents. It can affect dogs of all ages, breeds and sizes, but is more common in puppies.

Different effects in each dog

A puppy’s organism is more vulnerable and easier to infect. His immune system has not yet fully developed to deal with the many microorganisms found in the external environment. Furthermore, the intense cellular activity in the growth phase facilitates the emergence of the virus.

Older and / or immunosuppressed dogs are also more vulnerable to distemper and other diseases. In these cases, the symptoms are more severe and the animal’s health deteriorates more rapidly.

The Paramyxovirus  also affects other wild canids. This is the case of the wolf, the coyote, the jackal, the fox and the dingo (Australian wild dog). It can rarely occur in otters, weasels and raccoons.

A high mortality rate

Distemper in dogs has caused concern due to its high mortality rate  and rapid spread in the body. About 90% of dogs that get it die. Additionally, animals that manage to survive may have nervous system problems.

What are the symptoms of distemper in dogs?

The virus incubation phase lasts from 12 to 20 days. Normally, the first symptom of distemper in a dog is the presence of discharge and / or pus in the eyes or nose.

As the disease progresses, the following signs may appear:

• Fever
• Cough
• Tiredness, lethargy and / or excessive sleepiness
• Lack of appetite
• Diarrhea and vomiting
• Swelling of the fingertips of the paws
• Breathing difficulties or shortness of breath.

Subsequently,  the infected dog may appear undernourished, dehydrated and anorexic. In the most severe stage, the virus reaches the nervous system, causing spasms, convulsions or paralysis.

How do dogs get infected with measles?

Transmission is direct and the most common form of infection is through the air. The dog ingests or breathes pathogens found in the environment around him. The air becomes contaminated when it comes into contact with an infected animal.

Contagion can also occur through water and food infected with the virus. This is why it is important not to let an animal you do not know use your dog’s bowls. Everyone must have their own personal items.

Is there a cure for distemper?

There is no specific drug to eliminate  Paramyxovirus  from the dog’s body. Viral infections are much more complicated to treat than bacteria or fungi.

Source: Hugo A. Quintero G.

Treatment for distemper in dogs involves strengthening the immune system,  relieving symptoms, and preventing secondary infections.

Early diagnosis is essential to increase the chances of getting the animal to heal. For this, it is necessary to go to the vet as soon as you notice that your dog is not well.

How to prevent distemper in dogs?

Responsible possession is necessary to prevent distemper in dogs. Regular visits to a veterinarian are essential.

A balanced diet and regular physical activity  are two factors that  guarantee healthy development for all species of animals.